Blood glucose
If you have been diagnosed with diabetes, it is important that you regularly monitor
the level of glucose (sugar) in your blood as high blood glucose is indicative of
insulin deficiency and the body's inability to 'control' glucose. Regular monitoring
of the changes in your blood glucose levels can help you, with input from your doctor
or a specialist, best manage your diabetes.
If you have not been diagnosed with diabetes, but are experiencing any of the following
symptoms – tiredness, constant thirst and the frequent need to urinate – you should
speak with your doctor who will advise you whether you need your blood glucose levels
checked.
Your blood glucose level (sometimes known as your
serum glucose level) is
measured in millimoles per litre (mmol/l). Your blood glucose level goes up and
down throughout the day, based on the food you eat. Normally, before meals the level
of glucose usually stays within 4 to 7 mmol/l; this rises up to 10 mmol/l an hour
or two after meals. It's important to note though that if you have diabetes which
hasn't been diagnosed and treated, your blood glucose level could rise well above
10 mmol/l.
Knowing your numbers
Diabetes UK currently recommends the following ideal values:
- 4 to 7mmol/l before meals
- less than or equal to 10mmol/l two hours after meals
If you have diabetes, your blood glucose level will sometimes move outside these
limits, which is why you have to make sure you keep an eye on your levels.
Measuring your own blood glucose
Your doctor or specialist will advise you on how often you need to measure your
blood glucose level, which will depend on the type of diabetes you have, and any
treatment you have been prescribed. It is likely, however, that this will be at
least once a day, usually either before breakfast or at bedtime. Sometimes it may also
be necessary to measure your blood glucose level before meals.
There are many types of blood glucose level testing kits available. These usually
consist of a test strip and a measuring device. Your pharmacist or a diabetes clinic
nurse will be able to advise you on the best device for your needs.